Oleksiy Honcharuk and Central Bank Governor Yakiv Smoliy made a public show of unity as they sat side by side in a garden on the grounds of Kiev's main government building and signed an agreement on achieving sustainable growth.
Kiev's Western-backed leadership wants the IMF's financial support to keep the economy stable and signal to investors it is serious about reform and tackling corruption.
But concerns about the autonomy of the central bank, which has complained publicly in recent weeks about being subjected to pressure from various quarters, have weighed on Ukraine's prospects of receiving the loans.
"We very much respect the independence of the National Bank... because an independent regulator is the guarantee of the country's macroeconomic stability," Honcharuk said.
He also said the government would support the central bank's target to bring inflation down to 5% by the end of 2020, and wanted to cut the budget deficit to 1.5% of gross domestic product in 2024 from 2.3% for this year.
Smoliy said effective coordination of economic, fiscal and monetary policies was crucial to ensure price stability.
The central bank has said attempts were being made to intimidate it and halt the progress of certain reforms, describing itself as terrorised after the house of a former bank governor was set ablaze.
During talks with an IMF mission in September about a new loan programme, President Volodymyr Zelenskiy reassured the Fund that the central bank's independence would remain intact.